Cart is emptyA cough is the body’s natural way to clear the airways of irritants like dust, mucus, and foreign particles. It can be caused by a variety of factors, ranging from common colds and infections to allergies and environmental irritants.
While coughing helps protect your lungs, it can sometimes become uncomfortable, disruptive, and exhausting, especially when it lasts for a long time or occurs frequently. In some cases, a cough can persist even after other symptoms of illness have faded. Finding quick and effective ways to manage a cough, whether through over-the-counter medications or simple home remedies, can provide relief and improve your quality of life
Recommended Reading: Over-The-Counter Asthma Tablets (Best Medicine For Asthma Cough)
How To Get Rid of A Cough In 5 Minutes (Medicines+Home Remedies)
Table Of Contents
What is a Cough?
Cough
A cough is a reflex that helps clear the airways of irritants, mucus, or foreign particles, often triggered by colds, infections, or allergies.
A cough is the body’s natural defense mechanism to clear the airways of irritants, germs, and foreign particles. It helps keep your breathing passages clean and protects your lungs from harmful substances. When you cough, your body quickly pushes out air from your lungs, which can help remove mucus, dust, or any irritants.
While it’s a natural response, a persistent cough can be annoying and may need treatment if it lasts too long. Coughs can be caused by a variety of reasons, such as colds, infections, or allergies.
Key Points
- A cough helps clear airways and protect the lungs.
- It can be triggered by irritants, infections, or allergies.
- Persistent coughs may require medical attention.
Types of Cough
| Type of Cough | Duration | Details | Causes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Acute Cough | Less than 3 weeks | Sudden onset and lasts for a short time, usually less than 3 weeks. | Common cold, flu, respiratory infections. |
| Subacute Cough | 3 to 8 weeks | A cough that lingers after an infection and lasts between 3 to 8 weeks. | Post-infection inflammation, such as after a cold or flu. |
| Chronic Cough | More than 8 weeks | A long-term cough that persists for more than 8 weeks. | Asthma, chronic bronchitis, GERD. |
| Dry Cough | Varies | A cough that doesn’t bring up mucus or phlegm usually feels scratchy and irritating. | Allergies, irritants like smoke, viral infections. |
| Productive (Wet) Cough | Varies | A cough that produces mucus or phlegm helps to clear the airways. | Respiratory infections, pneumonia, bronchitis. |
| Refractory Cough | More than 8 weeks | A chronic cough that does not respond to treatments, often difficult to manage. | Underlying health conditions, treatment-resistant issues. |
Stages of a Cough
Cough Stages
A cough progresses through stages, starting with irritation, followed by mucus buildup, persistent coughing, and eventual recovery as the airways clear.
| Stage | Details | Key Points |
|---|---|---|
| 1. Inspiratory Phase | This is the initial phase, where you take a deep breath to prepare for the cough. The lungs fill with air, setting up the next steps. | Deep breath. Prepare for the cough. |
| 2. Compressive Phase | The glottis (vocal cords) closes, and muscles in the chest, diaphragm, and abdomen contract, creating pressure in the chest. | Pressure builds inside the chest. |
| 3. Expiratory Phase | The glottis opens suddenly, and the built-up pressure forces air out in a rapid burst, which produces the actual cough sound. | Forceful expulsion of air clears the airways. |
| 4. Productive Phase | If the cough is wet, mucus or phlegm may be expelled during this phase, helping clear any blockages or irritants from the airways. | Mucus or phlegm may be expelled. |
| 5. Recovery Phase | The airways are cleared, and normal breathing resumes. Some irritation might remain, triggering more coughs if necessary. | Breathing normalizes, but irritation may linger. |
Best Treatments for Cough
Cough Treatments
The best treatments for a cough include home remedies like honey and steam inhalation, along with medications such as cough suppressants and expectorants for relief.
| Treatment | How to Use | Benefits | Side Effects | Uses |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Stay Hydrated | Drink plenty of fluids, especially warm liquids like tea. | Loosens mucus and soothes sore throat. | None, unless excessive fluid intake. | Relieves a sore throat, loosens mucus. |
| Use a Humidifier | Add moisture to the air using a humidifier. | Soothing irritated airways and loosens mucus. | Mold growth in humid environments if not cleaned properly. | Relieves cough caused by dry air or irritation. |
| Honey | Take 1 teaspoon of honey (avoid giving to children under 1). | Soothes the throat and reduces coughing. | Not for infants under 1 year (risk of botulism). | Provides quick relief from coughing. |
| Rest | Take sufficient rest and avoid strenuous activity. | Helps the body recover and fight infection. | None. | Supports overall recovery from illness. |
| Avoid Irritants | Avoid exposure to smoke, dust, and other pollutants. | Reduces irritation and prevents worsening of the cough. | None. | Helps prevent cough from getting worse. |
| Gargle with Salt Water | Gargle warm salt water 2-3 times a day. | Soothes a sore throat and reduces inflammation. | It can dry out the throat if overused. | Reduces throat irritation and clears mucus. |
| Cough Drops or Lozenges | Suck on lozenges throughout the day as needed. | Soothes a sore throat and suppresses the urge to cough. | It may cause dry mouth or nausea if overused. | Reduces the frequency of coughing. |
| Steam Inhalation | Inhale steam from a bowl of hot water or in a steamy shower. | Loosens mucus and soothes airways. | Risk of burns if water is too hot. | Helps relieve congestion and mucus buildup. |
| Cough Suppressants | Follow dosage instructions; contains dextromethorphan. | Reduces the urge to cough. | Drowsiness, dizziness,and nausea. | For dry, non-productive coughs. |
| Expectorants | Follow dosage instructions; contains guaifenesin. | Thins and loosens mucus, making it easier to cough up. | Nausea, vomiting, dizziness. | For productive coughs with mucus. |
| Decongestants | Take as directed; often contains pseudoephedrine. | Relieves nasal congestion, improves breathing. | Increased heart rate, dizziness, insomnia. | Used for coughs related to nasal congestion. |
| Pain Relievers | Take as needed; use acetaminophen or ibuprofen. | Relieves pain associated with coughing, like chest pain. | Nausea, stomach irritation, liver issues with overuse. | For reducing fever, headaches, and chest pain. |
Top 10 Medicines for Cough Relief
Cough Relief Medicines
Medicines for cough relief include antitussives like dextromethorphan for dry coughs and expectorants like guaifenesin to help clear mucus from chesty coughs.
| Medicine | How to Use | Benefits | Side Effects | Uses |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Guaifenesin | Take as directed, usually 200-400 mg every 4 hours. | Loosens and thins mucus, making it easier to cough up. | Nausea, dizziness, and rash. | For chesty coughs with thick mucus. |
| Dextromethorphan | Follow dosage, usually 10-20 mg every 4-6 hours. | Suppresses the cough reflex, reducing dry coughs. | Drowsiness, nausea, dizziness. | For dry, non-productive coughs. |
| Cold Medicine | Use as per package instructions, which vary based on brand. | Relieves multiple symptoms like cough, runny nose, and congestion. | Drowsiness, headache, upset stomach. | For cold-related coughs. |
| Robitussin (Guaifenesin/Dextromethorphan) | Follow the label: 1-2 teaspoons every 4-6 hours. | Combines an expectorant and cough suppressant for overall relief. | Dizziness, nausea, upset stomach. | For both dry and chesty coughs. |
| Decongestant (Pseudoephedrine) | Take 60 mg every 4-6 hours as needed. | Reduces nasal congestion, making breathing easier. | Increased heart rate, insomnia, nervousness. | For coughs with nasal congestion. |
| Mucoactive Agents (Mucolytics) | Use as directed, commonly 8-16 mg three times daily. | This mucus helps clear the airways. | Nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. | For chesty coughs with thick mucus. |
| Actifed Multi-Action Dry Coughs (100ml) | Take 5 ml (1 tsp) every 4 hours, not exceeding 4 doses per day. | Combines decongestant and cough suppressant for better relief. | Drowsiness, dizziness, dry mouth. | For dry coughs with nasal congestion. |
| Antihistamines (e.g., Diphenhydramine) | Take 25-50 mg every 4-6 hours as needed. | Reduces allergy-related coughs by drying nasal secretions. | Drowsiness, dry mouth, blurred vision. | For coughs due to allergies or post-nasal drip. |
| Pseudoephedrine | Take 60 mg every 4-6 hours as required. | Reduces nasal congestion, helping relieve cough caused by it. | Nervousness, trouble sleeping, high blood pressure. | For coughs with nasal congestion. |
| Topicals (Camphor & Menthol Ointments) | Rub a small amount on the chest or throat. | Soothes irritation and opens up airways. | Skin irritation if overused. | Provides relief for chest tightness and throat irritation. |
Top 20+ Home Remedies for Cough Relief
Cough Relief Home Remedies
Home remedies for cough relief include honey, steam inhalation, warm fluids, and saltwater gargles, which help soothe the throat and reduce irritation naturally.
| Remedy | How to Use | Benefits | Side Effects | Uses |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Honey | Mix 1-2 teaspoons in warm tea or water. | Soothing the throat reduces coughing, especially at night. | Not safe for children under 1 year. | For dry or irritated throat. |
| Ginger | Add fresh ginger slices to hot water or tea. | Helps reduce inflammation and relax the airway muscles. | It may cause heartburn or stomach discomfort. | For dry cough and throat irritation. |
| Steam | Inhale steam from a bowl of hot water (cover head with a towel). | Loosens mucus, clears airways, and soothes irritation. | Risk of burns if water is too hot. | For chesty cough and congestion. |
| Turmeric | Add 1 teaspoon to warm milk or water. | Anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties help relieve cough. | Upset stomach or nausea in some people. | For dry and persistent coughs. |
| Humidifier | Run in your room while sleeping. | Adds moisture to the air, easing dry coughs and congestion. | Mold or bacteria growth if not cleaned properly. | For dry coughs, especially at night. |
| Marshmallow Root | Steep in hot water for 10 minutes and drink as tea. | Soothes the throat and reduces irritation. | It may cause nausea or diarrhea if taken in large amounts. | For dry and irritated throats. |
| Thyme | Brew thyme leaves in hot water and drink as tea. | Acts as a natural expectorant, helps clear mucus. | Possible allergic reactions in some individuals. | For chesty cough and congestion. |
| Peppermint Tea | Brew peppermint leaves in hot water and drink. | Soothes the throat and helps clear congestion due to menthol. | It may cause heartburn or allergic reactions in some. | For both dry and chesty coughs. |
| Eucalyptus | Inhale eucalyptus oil steam or use in a diffuser. | Helps clear mucus and reduce inflammation in the airways. | Skin irritation if applied directly without dilution. | For chesty cough and nasal congestion. |
| Garlic | Eat raw or add to warm food/tea. | Natural antibiotic, helps boost the immune system. | Bad breath, indigestion in some people. | For coughs caused by infections like cold or flu. |
| Slippery Elm | Make tea from slippery elm powder or lozenges. | Soothing to the throat, reduces irritation and inflammation. | It may interfere with the absorption of some medications. | For sore throat and dry cough. |
| Honey Infusions | Mix honey with lemon or ginger for an extra soothing effect. | Enhances the cough-soothing properties of honey. | Same as honey, not for children under 1 year. | For dry cough and throat irritation. |
| Lemon | Squeeze into warm water or tea with honey. | Provides vitamin C, helps boost immunity, and soothes the throat. | It can erode tooth enamel with frequent use. | For dry and irritated throat. |
| Probiotics | Take probiotic supplements or yogurt regularly. | Supports gut health and boosts immunity. | Mild digestive upset for some people. | For coughs related to infections and general immunity boost. |
| Saltwater Gargle | Gargle with warm saltwater 2-3 times a day. | Reduces throat inflammation and kills bacteria. | It may cause dry mouth if overused. | For sore throat and dry cough. |
| Cough Drops | Suck on cough drops to soothe the throat. | Reduces throat irritation and suppresses cough temporarily. | Possible choking hazard for young children. | For dry cough and throat irritation. |
| Drink Fluids | Stay hydrated with water, tea, or broths. | Keeps throat moist and helps thin mucus. | None, unless too many sugary or caffeinated drinks are consumed. | For all types of cough. |
| Saline Drops | Use nasal saline drops or spray to clear congestion. | Moisturizes nasal passages, reducing coughing from post-nasal drip. | Possible minor irritation in the nose. | For coughs caused by nasal congestion. |
| Hot Drinks | Drink warm herbal teas or broths throughout the day. | Soothes throat and reduces cough reflex. | None, unless consumed in excess. | For soothing a dry and irritated throat. |
| Bromelain | Eat pineapple or take bromelain supplements. | Anti-inflammatory, helps reduce mucus and clear airways. | It may cause digestive upset or allergic reactions in some. | For chesty coughs and congestion. |
| Capsaicin (Chili Pepper) | Add a small amount to food or drink. | Helps desensitize the throat and reduce coughing reflex. | It may cause a burning sensation in the mouth or stomach discomfort. | For dry cough and throat irritation. |
Causes of a Cough
- Acid Reflux (GERD)
- Stomach acid flows back into the esophagus, irritating the throat and triggering a cough.
- Asthma
- Coughing is a common symptom of asthma, particularly in a variant known as cough-variant asthma, where the main symptom is a persistent dry cough.
- Allergies
- Allergens like dust, pollen, pet dander, or mold can irritate the airways, leading to coughing, especially in those with hay fever or allergic rhinitis.
- Bronchitis
- Inflammation of the bronchial tubes (bronchitis) causes coughing, often accompanied by mucus production. It can be acute or chronic.
- Cold and Flu
- Viral infections like the common cold and flu often cause coughing as the body tries to clear mucus and infection from the airways.
- Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)
- This long-term lung condition, often caused by smoking, results in a chronic cough, shortness of breath, and mucus production.
- Heart Failure
- In severe cases, heart failure can lead to fluid buildup in the lungs, causing a persistent, wet-sounding cough.
- Lung Cancer
- A chronic cough that doesn’t go away or changes over time can be a sign of lung cancer, especially if it’s accompanied by blood in the mucus.
- Pneumonia
- This infection causes inflammation in the lungs, leading to a productive cough with mucus that may be green, yellow, or blood-stained.
- Postnasal Drip
- Excess mucus from the nose drips down the back of the throat, irritating it and causing a cough.
- Sinusitis
- Inflammation of the sinuses can lead to a buildup of mucus, which can drip down the throat, causing coughing, particularly at night.
- Smoking
- Both active smoking and exposure to secondhand smoke can irritate the airways, leading to a chronic cough.
- Whooping Cough (Pertussis)
- A bacterial infection that causes uncontrollable, violent coughing, making it hard to breathe. It’s especially dangerous for infants.
- Flu (Influenza)
- The flu virus often leads to coughing as the lungs and airways become inflamed and filled with mucus.
- Upper Respiratory Tract Infection
- Infections like the common cold, laryngitis, and tonsillitis can cause coughing as the body tries to clear mucus and infection.
- Bronchiectasis
- A condition that damages the airways, leading to a persistent cough with thick mucus production.
- ACE Inhibitors
- Medications used to treat high blood pressure may cause a persistent dry cough as a side effect.
- COVID-19
- A viral infection can cause a dry or productive cough, along with other symptoms like fever, shortness of breath, and loss of taste or smell.
- Croup
- A viral infection in children causes a barking cough, often due to swelling around the vocal cords.
- Cystic Fibrosis
- A genetic disorder that causes thick, sticky mucus to build up in the lungs, leading to frequent coughing.
- Tuberculosis (TB)
- A bacterial infection that causes a persistent cough, often accompanied by coughing up blood.
- Laryngitis
- Inflammation of the vocal cords leads to a hoarse voice and a cough, often due to viral infections.
Symptoms of a Cough
- Dry Cough (Non-Productive)
- Tickling Sensation: Often feels like a scratchy or tickly throat.
- No Mucus: Doesn’t produce phlegm or mucus.
- Cause: Often due to irritants, allergies, or early stages of respiratory infections.
- Sleep Issues: Can keep you awake at night and lead to fatigue.
- Productive Cough (Wet Cough)
- Mucus Production: Coughs up mucus or phlegm.
- Chest Congestion: Feels like your chest is tight or rattling.
- Cause: Usually due to infections like colds, flu, or bronchitis.
- Phlegm Colors: Mucus can be clear, white, yellow, or green.
- Runny or Stuffy Nose
- Often comes with coughs, especially from colds or sinus infections.
- Sore Throat
- Irritation in the throat, common with both dry and wet coughs.
- Hoarseness
- Losing your voice or having a raspy voice after constant coughing.
- Postnasal Drip
- You feel like mucus is dripping down your throat. This can cause a cough, especially at night.
- Wheezing
- A whistling sound when breathing, which may suggest asthma or a lung issue.
- Shortness of Breath
- Difficulty breathing, especially with more severe causes like asthma or COPD.
- Heartburn or Sour Taste
- Acid reflux can lead to a cough, often with heartburn or a sour taste in your mouth.
- Fever and Chills
- If a cough is from an infection like the flu or pneumonia, it may come with fever, body aches, or headaches.
- Chest Pain or Tightness
- Discomfort or pain in the chest from forceful coughing or an underlying lung issue.
- Fatigue
- Constant coughing can leave you feeling tired and drained.
- Sleeplessness
- Coughing at night can disrupt your sleep, causing insomnia and daytime tiredness.
- Dizziness or Fainting
- Severe coughing fits can sometimes cause lightheadedness or even fainting.
- Incontinence or Vomiting
- Forceful coughing may cause leaking of urine or vomiting in some cases.
Side Effects of a Cough
- Sleep Disruption
- A persistent cough, particularly at night, can make it hard to sleep. This can lead to fatigue and daytime tiredness.
- Headaches
- Coughing repeatedly and with force can cause headaches due to the pressure it creates in the head.
- Dizziness or Fainting
- Intense coughing can sometimes cause dizziness or even lead to fainting, especially if it affects blood flow or oxygen levels.
- Vomiting
- In severe cases, a strong cough may trigger vomiting, especially if it irritates the stomach or throat.
- Sweating
- Continuous coughing may lead to excessive sweating, especially at night, leaving you feeling uncomfortable.
- Urinary Incontinence
- Forceful coughing can put pressure on the bladder, causing leakage of urine (urinary incontinence), especially in women or those with weakened pelvic muscles.
- Broken Ribs
- In rare situations, very strong and prolonged coughing can cause rib fractures, especially in older adults or people with weaker bones.
- Muscle Strain
- Repeated coughing can strain the muscles in your chest and abdomen, leading to pain and discomfort in these areas.
- Chest Pain
- Continuous coughing can result in chest pain, particularly if the cough is forceful or if there’s an underlying lung issue.
- Fatigue
- The constant effort of coughing, especially over a long period, can leave you feeling drained and exhausted.
- Voice Strain or Hoarseness
- Persistent coughing can irritate the vocal cords, causing hoarseness or even a temporary loss of voice.
FAQs
What are the common causes of a cough?
A cough can be triggered by many factors, such as colds, flu, allergies, asthma, or irritants like smoke and dust. Respiratory infections are among the most common causes, but acid reflux and chronic conditions like COPD can also lead to persistent coughing.
How can I get rid of a Cough naturally?
Natural remedies like honey, ginger tea, and steam inhalation can soothe a cough. Staying hydrated and using a humidifier can help thin mucus and ease irritation.
What medications help treat to get rid of a cough?
Cough medicines are divided into antitussives (to suppress dry coughs) and expectorants (to help loosen chest mucus). Common ingredients include dextromethorphan for suppressing coughs and guaifenesin for clearing mucus. Decongestants and pain relievers can also help if there’s congestion or a sore throat.
How long should a cough last before seeing a doctor?
Most coughs from colds or flu clear up within a week or two. If a cough lasts longer than three weeks, is accompanied by high fever, chest pain, or produces green or bloody mucus, you should consult a doctor as it may indicate a more serious condition.
Can a cough cause other complications?
Yes, a persistent or forceful cough can lead to headaches, sleep disruption, and even chest pain. In rare cases, strong coughing can cause urinary incontinence or even rib fractures.
What’s the difference between a dry and wet cough?
A dry cough is often caused by irritants or allergies and doesn’t produce mucus. A wet cough brings up mucus and is usually a sign of infection or chest congestion.
Are home remedies better than cough medicines?
Both have their benefits. Home remedies are natural and have fewer side effects, making them ideal for mild symptoms. However, for quick relief or more serious symptoms, medications like cough suppressants or expectorants might work faster.
Can over-the-counter cough medicine cause side effects?
Yes, certain cough medicines can cause drowsiness, dizziness, or interactions with other medications.
Conclusion
Coughing is the body’s way of clearing irritants from the throat and airways, but when it becomes frequent or disruptive, it needs attention. Medicinal treatments like cough suppressants, expectorants, and decongestants can provide quick relief.
For those who prefer natural remedies, options like honey, ginger, and steam inhalation are safe and effective. However, the best approach is to treat the underlying cause of the cough, whether it’s allergies, infection, or mucus buildup.
Finding the right balance between over-the-counter medication and home remedies can help manage your symptoms effectively. It’s also important to choose remedies with minimal side effects to avoid further discomfort. Always consult a healthcare professional if the cough persists, worsens, or is accompanied by other symptoms. This ensures you address both the cough and any underlying health issues.
Disclaimer
The commissions we earn from partner links on this page do not influence our content. Our editorial content is based on thorough research and insights from qualified medical professionals to ensure the highest standards of accuracy and reliability.
The information provided on Doseway is for educational purposes only. Your health and wellness are unique to you, and the products and services we review may not be suitable for your individual circumstances. We do not offer personal medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment plans. For specific advice, please consult with a healthcare professional. Doseway adheres to strict editorial integrity standards. To the best of our knowledge, all content is accurate as of the date posted, though offers and information may change. The opinions expressed are the author’s own and have not been influenced, approved, or endorsed by our partners.
Add a Comment