Polyfax Plus Skin Ointment 20g: Uses, & Side Effects

Polyfax Plus Skin Ointment 20g is a widely recognized topical antibiotic preparation used to prevent and treat minor bacterial skin infections. This comprehensive guide details its medical uses, correct application, potential side effects, and how it compares to other treatments, serving as an authoritative reference for patients and healthcare professionals alike.

In this complete guide, you will learn:

• The precise medical uses and mechanism of action of Polyfax Plus.
• Step-by-step instructions for safe and effective application.
• A detailed analysis of potential side effects and safety warnings.
• How it differs from regular Polyfax and other skin ointments.
• Answers to the most common patient queries and concerns.

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What is Polyfax Plus Skin Ointment?

Polyfax Plus is a combination topical antibiotic ointment designed for external use on the skin. It is classified as a broad-spectrum antibacterial agent, meaning it is effective against a wide range of bacteria commonly responsible for superficial skin infections. The “Plus” in its name denotes the addition of a local anesthetic component, setting it apart from the standard Polyfax formula. This 20g tube is a common over-the-counter and prescription size, suitable for short-term treatment of minor injuries.

What are the active ingredients in Polyfax Plus?

The efficacy of Polyfax Plus stems from its three active pharmaceutical ingredients, each with a distinct role in combating infection and managing symptoms.

1. Polymyxin B Sulphate: This is a polypeptide antibiotic that acts by binding to and disrupting the phospholipid membranes of Gram-negative bacterial cells. This action causes leakage of cellular contents and ultimately leads to bacterial cell death. It is particularly effective against bacteria like Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli.
2. Bacitracin Zinc: This antibiotic interferes with the synthesis of the bacterial cell wall in Gram-positive bacteria. It inhibits the dephosphorylation of a lipid carrier molecule that transports wall precursors across the cell membrane, preventing proper cell wall formation. It is effective against organisms like Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes.
3. Lidocaine (Lignocaine): This is the “Plus” component. It is a local anesthetic that provides temporary relief from pain, itching, and discomfort associated with minor skin wounds, burns, and infections. It works by blocking nerve signals in the immediate area of application.

How does Polyfax Plus work to fight infection?

Polyfax Plus employs a dual-antibiotic strategy to create a synergistic antibacterial effect. By combining Polymyxin B (targeting Gram-negative bacteria) and Bacitracin (targeting Gram-positive bacteria), the ointment covers a broad spectrum of pathogens that could cause skin infections. This combination reduces the chance of treatment failure due to an unspecified bacterial type. Simultaneously, the Lidocaine component manages the symptomatic pain, making the healing process more comfortable. The ointment base, typically white soft paraffin, creates an occlusive barrier that protects the wound from external contaminants and maintains a moist wound environment, which is clinically proven to promote faster epithelialization and reduce scarring.

What is the formulation and base of the ointment?

The Polyfax Plus formulation is presented in a water-in-oil emulsion base, primarily consisting of white soft paraffin and liquid paraffin. This base is non-aqueous, meaning it repels water. This property makes it ideal for:

• Creating a protective barrier over the wound.
• Preventing the loss of natural skin moisture.
• Keeping the wound bed moist to facilitate natural healing processes.
• Allowing for easy spreadability and adherence to the skin surface.

Primary Uses and Clinical Applications of Polyfax Plus

The primary indication for Polyfax Plus Skin Ointment is the prophylaxis and treatment of localized superficial bacterial skin infections. Its use is recommended in scenarios where both infection control and pain relief are desired.

What is Polyfax Plus Skin Ointment 20g used for?

Polyfax Plus is medically indicated for:

• Prevention of infection in minor wounds, Such as small cuts, abrasions, grazes, and lacerations.
• Treatment of established minor skin infections: Including impetigo, folliculitis, and infected dermatitis.
• Management of minor burns and scalds: To prevent bacterial colonization of the damaged skin.
• Post-operative wound care: For minor surgical incisions or suture lines to prevent secondary infection.
• Protection of skin grafts and donor sites: In the initial stages of healing under medical supervision.

Can I use Polyfax Plus on open wounds?

Yes, Polyfax Plus is specifically designed for use on minor, clean, open wounds to prevent bacterial infection. It is crucial to first cleanse the wound thoroughly with mild antiseptic or running water to remove debris. The ointment forms a protective layer. However, it is not suitable for deep puncture wounds, severe burns, animal bites, or heavily contaminated injuries. These require immediate medical evaluation, as they may need surgical cleaning, tetanus prophylaxis, or systemic antibiotics.

Is it effective for surgical wound care?

For minor, superficial surgical incisions with primary closure (stitches, staples, or glue), Polyfax Plus can be an effective option for post-operative care to prevent surgical site infections (SSIs). It should be applied as a thin layer over the closed incision line, as per the surgeon’s instructions. For major surgeries or procedures involving internal tissues, the surgeon will recommend a specific post-operative care protocol, which may or may not include topical antibiotics.

Polyfax Plus for specific skin conditions

Can Polyfax Plus be used for acne?

Polyfax Plus is not a first-line or primary treatment for acne vulgaris. Acne is driven by factors like excess sebum, clogged pores (Propionibacterium acnes), and inflammation. While the antibiotics in Polyfax Plus may help reduce certain acne-causing bacteria, its occlusive ointment base can clog pores (comedogenic), potentially worsening acne. It may be used briefly under dermatological advice for a visibly infected acne pustule, but dedicated acne treatments (like benzoyl peroxide, topical retinoids, or clindamycin) are more appropriate.

Is Polyfax Plus suitable for use on the face?

It can be used on the face with caution for treating infected minor cuts or abrasions. However, avoid application immediately around the eyes, nostrils, and mouth. The skin on the face is more sensitive and prone to irritation or milia (small keratin cysts) from occlusive ointments. Use only a tiny amount and discontinue if you notice increased redness or pimple-like bumps.

What are the signs of an infected wound that Polyfax Plus can treat?

Polyfax Plus is appropriate for minor wound infections presenting with:

• Increased pain or tenderness around the wound site.
• Localized redness (erythema) expanding from the wound edges.
• Swelling (edema) and warmth in the surrounding tissue.
• Purulent discharge (yellow or green pus).
• Delayed healing without signs of systemic illness (like fever).

What is the difference between Polyfax and Polyfax Plus?

The key difference lies in the composition and intended effect. Understanding this helps users choose the appropriate product.

Feature	Polyfax Ointment	Polyfax Plus Ointment
Active Ingredients	Polymyxin B Sulphate + Bacitracin Zinc	Polymyxin B Sulphate + Bacitracin Zinc + Lidocaine
Primary Action	Antibacterial only	Antibacterial + Pain Relief
Best Used For	Preventing/treating infection where pain is not a major issue.	Preventing/treating infection where pain, itching, or discomfort is significant (e.g., minor burns, scrapes).
Product Type	Antibiotic Ointment	Antibiotic & Analgesic Ointment

How to Use Polyfax Plus Correctly: A Step-by-Step Guide

Proper application is critical for efficacy and safety. Incorrect use can lead to treatment failure, antibiotic resistance, or adverse reactions.

How do I apply Polyfax Plus ointment to my skin?

Follow this clinical procedure for optimal results:

1. Clean: Wash your hands thoroughly. Gently clean the affected skin area with mild soap and water, or a saline solution, and pat it completely dry with a clean gauze pad.
2. Apply: Take a small amount of ointment (a pea-sized amount for an area the size of a coin) on a clean cotton bud or fingertip. Apply a very thin layer over the entire affected area. The goal is to cover it lightly, not create a thick, goopy layer.
3. Cover (Optional): For cuts or scrapes, you may cover the area with a sterile gauze bandage or adhesive bandage (plaster). This is not always necessary, but it can protect the wound from dirt and friction. For burns, a non-adherent dressing may be recommended.
4. Frequency: Typically applied 1 to 3 times daily, or as directed by a physician. Do not exceed the recommended frequency.

What is the recommended dosage and duration of treatment?

• Dosage: Always use the smallest amount needed to cover the affected area thinly.
• Duration: This is a short-term treatment. Do not use Polyfax Plus for more than 7 days unless explicitly advised by a doctor. Prolonged use increases the risk of side effects, including allergic contact dermatitis and antibiotic resistance. If the infection has not improved within 3-5 days or worsens, seek medical attention.

Important precautions before application

• Patch Test: If you have sensitive skin or a history of allergies, perform a patch test. Apply a tiny amount on intact skin on the inner forearm, cover, and check after 24 hours for redness, itching, or swelling.
• Contraindications: Do not use if you have a known hypersensitivity to any of its ingredients (Polymyxins, Bacitracin, Lidocaine, or paraffin base).

Can we apply Polyfax Plus ointment inside the eye?

ABSOLUTELY NOT. Polyfax Plus is strictly for external use only. Application in the eye can cause severe corneal irritation, ulceration, and vision damage. The formulation is not sterile and is not balanced for the ocular surface. For eye infections, consult a doctor who will prescribe a proper ophthalmic antibiotic drop or ointment that is sterile and formulated for use in the eye.

Is Polyfax Plus safe for all age groups?

• Adults: Generally safe when used as directed.
• Children: Can be used, but with caution and preferably under pediatric guidance. Monitor for any signs of irritation.
• Infants and Neonates: Consult a doctor before use. The skin of infants is highly permeable, and systemic absorption of ingredients, especially Bacitracin, which can cause nephrotoxicity in high systemic doses, is a theoretical risk.
• Elderly: Safe to use, but age-related thinner skin may be more susceptible to irritation.

Potential Side Effects and Safety Profile

While generally well-tolerated, being aware of potential adverse reactions is crucial for safe use.

What are the side effects of Polyfax Plus?

Side effects can range from mild local reactions to more severe allergic responses.

• Common Local Side Effects (Mild):
  • Transient itching, stinging, or burning sensation at the application site.
  • Mild redness or skin irritation.
  • These usually subside as the skin adjusts.
• Uncommon but Serious Side Effects:
  • Severe Allergic Contact Dermatitis: Intense itching, rash (eczematous), swelling, blistering, or oozing at the site or surrounding skin. This is often a delayed hypersensitivity reaction, particularly to Bacitracin.
  • Signs of Systemic Allergy: Although rare with topical use, symptoms like hives, difficulty breathing, swelling of the face/lips/tongue (angioedema) require immediate medical attention.
  • Superinfection: Prolonged use may kill normal bacterial flora, allowing fungi (like Candida) or resistant bacteria to overgrow, leading to a new infection.

What are the risks of prolonged or incorrect use?

• Antibiotic Resistance: The most significant public health risk. Indiscriminate or prolonged use of antibiotics, even topical ones, can promote the growth of resistant bacteria. These “superbugs” become harder to treat with standard antibiotics.
• Contact Sensitization: Repeated exposure increases the likelihood of developing a skin allergy to the ingredients, especially Bacitracin. Once sensitized, future use of any product containing Bacitracin will trigger a reaction.
• Masking Symptoms: It may temporarily soothe symptoms of a more serious infection that requires oral antibiotics or surgical intervention, delaying proper treatment.

What is the main disadvantage of using antibiotic ointments like Polyfax Plus?

The foremost disadvantage is the contribution to antibiotic resistance. Additionally, the risk of allergic contact dermatitis is higher with topical antibiotics like Bacitracin and Neomycin than with other wound care options like plain petroleum jelly or antiseptics (e.g., povidone-iodine).

Does Polyfax Plus have any drug interactions?

There are no well-documented significant systemic drug interactions due to minimal absorption. However, topically, it is advisable not to apply other creams, ointments, or lotions to the exact same site simultaneously unless directed by a doctor, as they may interfere with each other’s absorption or efficacy.

Contraindications and When to Avoid Polyfax Plus

Identifying when not to use this ointment is as important as knowing its uses.

Who should not use Polyfax Plus?

• Individuals with a documented allergy to Polymyxin B, Bacitracin, Zinc, Lidocaine, or any component of the ointment base.
• Patients with a history of severe allergic reactions to other topical antibiotics.

Specific contraindicated conditions

• Deep or Puncture Wounds: High risk of anaerobic infections (e.g., tetanus).
• Severe Burns (2nd/3rd Degree): Require specialized medical care.
• Animal or Human Bites: High risk of complex infections with Pasteurella or oral flora.
• Fungal or Viral Skin Infections: (e.g., Athlete’s foot, Herpes, Warts). Antibiotics are ineffective against these pathogens.
• Chronic Ulcers: Like diabetic foot ulcers or venous stasis ulcers, which require specialized wound management.

Use during pregnancy and breastfeeding

While minimal systemic absorption occurs, a formal recommendation is to consult a healthcare professional before use during pregnancy or lactation. The potential benefits should outweigh any unknown risks. Application to limited areas of skin is generally considered low risk.

Comparing Polyfax Plus with Other Treatments

Understanding where Polyfax Plus fits in the spectrum of wound care products helps in making informed choices.

What is the best ointment for skin infections?

There is no single “best” ointment; the choice depends on the infection type, location, and patient factors.

• For Staphylococcus-dominated infections (e.g., impetigo): Mupirocin 2% (e.g., Bactroban) is often considered superior and is a first-line recommendation in many guidelines.
• For broad-spectrum prophylaxis on minor wounds: Polyfax/Polyfax Plus or Neosporin (Neomycin/Polymyxin B/Bacitracin) are common choices, but Neomycin has a high allergenic potential.
• As an antiseptic alternative, Povidone-Iodine ointment offers broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity (including some viruses and fungi) with a lower risk of bacterial resistance and contact allergy compared to antibiotic ointments.

Which ointment is best for wound healing?

It’s vital to distinguish between infection prevention and healing promotion.

• For Pure Healing/Moist Wound Healing: Plain Petroleum Jelly (White Soft Paraffin) is often recommended by dermatologists. It provides an optimal moist environment, protects the wound, and has virtually zero risk of allergic reaction or resistance. Studies show clean, moist wounds heal faster than dry, scabbed ones.
• Antibiotic Ointments (like Polyfax Plus): Their primary role is to prevent infection in a healing wound. The healing itself is done by the body.

Is a healing ointment good for skin?

Yes, pure healing or moisturizing ointments (like those containing petroleum jelly, ceramides, or dimethicone) are excellent for:

• Dry, cracked skin.
• Protecting skin against friction and moisture (e.g., as a barrier for diaper rash).
• Maintaining skin integrity in harsh weather.
• Supporting the final stages of wound healing after the infection risk has passed. They are emollient and occlusive, locking in moisture and aiding the skin’s natural repair process.

Cost, Availability, and Common Queries

Practical information for consumers.

What is the price of Polyfax Plus Skin Ointment in Pakistan and other regions?

Prices are subject to change and vary by pharmacy, city, and country. As of recent data:

• In Pakistan, the price for a 20g tube typically ranges between PKR 250 and PKR 350.
• In Other Regions: It is marketed under various brand names (e.g., Polysporin Plus in some countries). Prices will vary locally. It is generally an affordable, non-prescription medication in most markets.

Can I buy Polyfax Plus online?

Yes, it is available through numerous reputable online pharmacies and e-commerce platforms. Crucial precautions:

• Purchase only from licensed and verified online pharmacies that require a prescription if needed.
• Beware of counterfeit products. Check for proper packaging, manufacturer details (often GlaxoSmithKline or its licensees), batch number, and expiry date.
• Avoid suspiciously low-priced products from unverified sellers.

Why was Polyfax (or similar) discontinued in some regions?

This is a common query based on regional market changes. Polyfax Plus has not been globally discontinued. However, specific formulations or brand names may be withdrawn from certain markets due to:

• Corporate Portfolio Decisions: A company may streamline its product line.
• Regulatory Reviews: Health authorities in some countries may review the safety or efficacy profiles of topical antibiotic combinations, potentially leading to label changes or withdrawal.
• Local Resistance Patterns: If resistance to an ingredient becomes prevalent in a region, its usefulness declines.
• Note: Always check with a local pharmacist or the official national drug regulatory authority website for the most accurate, country-specific information.

Advanced Topics: Pharmacology and Clinical Evidence

Spectrum of activity: What bacteria does Polyfax Plus cover?

It is effective against a range of Gram-positive and Gram-negative organisms:

• Gram-positive: Staphylococcus aureus (including some β-lactamase producers), Streptococcus pyogenes, other Streptococcus spp.
• Gram-negative: Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Haemophilus influenzae, Klebsiella spp., Enterobacter spp.
• Not Effective Against: Fungi, Viruses, Anaerobic bacteria, Mycobacteria.

The role of topical antibiotics in modern dermatology

The use of topical antibiotics is becoming more nuanced due to resistance concerns. Current clinical guidance often suggests:

• Limiting use to short-term, targeted prophylaxis (5-7 days max).
• Preferring antiseptics (e.g., chlorhexidine, povidone-iodine) for clean wound prophylaxis when possible.
• Using specific agents for specific conditions (e.g., Mupirocin for impetigo).
• Avoid combination antibiotic/steroid creams for undefined rashes, as they can mask or worsen infections.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) –